The sixty stem-and-branch pairs
Explore personal qualities through the calendar's daily pairs
Jia-Zi, Bing-Wu and more: stem-and-branch pairs cycle through days as well as years. Look up the pair for an entered calendar date and enjoy its natural and seasonal symbolism in everyday language.
All sixty types
The character on the left is one of the Ten Heavenly Stems; the one on the right is one of the twelve Earthly Branches. Their natural and seasonal symbolism offers words for exploring personal qualities.
Jia (甲)The A great tree groupBasic qualities of Jia (甲) →
- 甲子Kinoe: Yang WoodNe: RatA great tree awaiting dawn
- 甲戌Kinoe: Yang WoodDogA great tree on an autumn mountain
- 甲申Kinoe: Yang WoodMonkeyA great tree in an autumn breeze
- 甲午Kinoe: Yang WoodHorseA great tree in midsummer
- 甲辰Kinoe: Yang WoodDragonA great tree in a spring forest
- 甲寅Kinoe: Yang WoodTigerA young tree in early spring
Yi (乙)The Flowers and plants groupBasic qualities of Yi (乙) →
Bing (丙)The Sun groupBasic qualities of Bing (丙) →
Ding (丁)The A small light groupBasic qualities of Ding (丁) →
- 丁卯Hinoto: Yin FireU: RabbitA small light on a spring morning
- 丁丑Hinoto: Yin FireOxA small light on winter ground
- 丁亥Hinoto: Yin FireI: BoarA small light on a winter night
- 丁酉Hinoto: Yin FireRoosterA lamp at autumn twilight
- 丁未Hinoto: Yin FireGoatA bonfire at summer's end
- 丁巳Hinoto: Yin FireMi: SnakeAn early-summer flame
Wu (戊)The Mountain groupBasic qualities of Wu (戊) →
- 戊辰Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthDragonA mountain after rain
- 戊寅Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthTigerA mountain at dawn
- 戊子Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthNe: RatA mountain on a winter night
- 戊戌Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthDogA high mountain in late autumn
- 戊申Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthMonkeyAn early-autumn mountain
- 戊午Tsuchinoe: Yang EarthHorseA midsummer volcano
Ji (己)The Cultivated soil groupBasic qualities of Ji (己) →
- 己巳Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthMi: SnakeA sunlit field
- 己卯Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthU: RabbitA field on a spring morning
- 己丑Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthOxWinter fields
- 己亥Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthI: BoarA field beside winter water
- 己酉Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthRoosterAn autumn field ready for harvest
- 己未Tsuchinoto: Yin EarthGoatThe earth at summer's end
Geng (庚)The Steel groupBasic qualities of Geng (庚) →
Xin (辛)The Gemstone groupBasic qualities of Xin (辛) →
- 辛未Kanoto: Yin MetalGoatA gemstone at summer's end
- 辛巳Kanoto: Yin MetalMi: SnakeA gemstone in sunlight
- 辛卯Kanoto: Yin MetalU: RabbitA gemstone on a spring morning
- 辛丑Kanoto: Yin MetalOxA gemstone beneath the snow
- 辛亥Kanoto: Yin MetalI: BoarA gemstone washed by water
- 辛酉Kanoto: Yin MetalRoosterAn autumn gemstone
Ren (壬)The Sea groupBasic qualities of Ren (壬) →
Gui (癸)The Rain groupBasic qualities of Gui (癸) →
The sixty-pair cycle in everyday life
Pairing the Ten Heavenly Stems—Jia, Yi, Bing and the rest—with the twelve Earthly Branches—Zi, Chou, Yin and the rest—in order produces a complete cycle of sixty pairs. Originating in ancient China as a way to count days, the cycle is said to have continued without interruption for more than 3,000 years.
The sixtieth birthday is called Kanreki because it returns to the birth year's pair. Koshien Stadium was named for the Jia-Zi year of its completion in 1924. The Jinshin War and Boshin War familiar from Japanese history lessons also take their names from the pairs of the years in which they occurred.
Calendar pairs and the Four Pillars Day Pillar
A pair assigned to a calendar date is a way to count days. A Four Pillars birth reading considers year, month, day and hour placements together. This site's Day Pillar uses the true-solar date at the birthplace, which may differ from the entered clock date. When the time is unknown, feasible Year, Month and Day combinations within the actual local day are retained as candidates.
For a detailed birth-chart reading,Compare possible Day Pillars in a Four Pillars readingYes. You can enjoy the symbolism of the calendar pair found here and placements that include birth time and location, each for its own purpose.
Frequently asked questions
How can I find a calendar day's stem-and-branch pair?
Choose a date on this page to find the pair assigned to that calendar day. The cycle advances one pair each day and returns after sixty days. The result includes a reading drawn from the pair's symbolism.
What time does the calendar day change?
This date search treats the entered calendar day as beginning at midnight. A Four Pillars birth reading converts the birthplace clock to true solar time and changes the Day Pillar at that midnight. When the birth time is unknown, you can compare feasible combinations of Year, Month and Day Pillars.
Is this different from my birth-year zodiac pair?
A year's pair and a day's pair are separate assignments. This page shows how dates correspond to the sixty pairs. Four Pillars considers year, month, day and hour placements together, reading their relationships from the Day Stem as a starting point.
Does everyone born on the same calendar pair have the same personality?
Enjoy these articles as adaptations of each pair's natural and seasonal symbolism to everyday life. For a detailed birth reading, the birth month and other placements are also considered, and the Four Pillars reading lets you review observations for each possible chart.
On the day you were born,
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